feat(algorithms, graphs, cheapest-flight): cheapest flight with k stops

[BrianLusina]

Describe your change:

Algorithm to find the cheapest flight with k stops

• Add an algorithm?
• Fix a bug or typo in an existing algorithm?
• Documentation change?

Checklist:

• I have read CONTRIBUTING.md.
• This pull request is all my own work -- I have not plagiarized.
• I know that pull requests will not be merged if they fail the automated tests.
• This PR only changes one algorithm file. To ease review, please open separate PRs for separate algorithms.
• All new Python files are placed inside an existing directory.
• All filenames are in all lowercase characters with no spaces or dashes.
• All functions and variable names follow Python naming conventions.
• All function parameters and return values are annotated with Python type hints.
• All functions have doctests that pass the automated testing.
• All new algorithms have a URL in its comments that points to Wikipedia or other similar explanation.
• If this pull request resolves one or more open issues then the commit message contains Fixes: #{$ISSUE_NO}.

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ℹ️ Review info

⚙️ Run configuration

Configuration used: Organization UI

Review profile: CHILL

Plan: Pro

Run ID: 9b72a8d3-ec68-48d7-a5f5-30ac8a701da8

📥 Commits

Reviewing files that changed from the base of the PR and between 99f5f91 and 4b31f7a.

📒 Files selected for processing (4)

• DIRECTORY.md
• algorithms/graphs/cheapest_flights_with_k_stops/README.md
• algorithms/graphs/cheapest_flights_with_k_stops/__init__.py
• algorithms/graphs/cheapest_flights_with_k_stops/test_cheapest_flights_with_k_stops.py

✨ Finishing Touches

🧪 Generate unit tests (beta)

• Create PR with unit tests
• Commit unit tests in branch feat/algorithms-graphs-cheapest-flights

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